Journal: BMC Urology

Article Title: Advances in experimental bladder models: bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo approaches for investigating urinary tract infections

doi: 10.1186/s12894-024-01590-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of different organoids used as bladder models

Article Snippet: • 5637 human bladder epithelial carcinoma cell line (procured from ATCC HTB-9TM) • Human primary bladder epithelial cells • Human Bladder Micro-vascular Endothelial cells (HMVEC-Bd) , UPEC strain CFT073 , To develop and characterize a bladder-chip model that mimics bladder structure by co-culturing human bladder epithelial cells with bladder microvascular endothelial cells, using a device that exposes epithelial cells to urine and endothelial cells to culture media , Neutrophils rapidly recruited from the vascular channel to infection sites formed swarms and extracellular traps, but this did not prevent the formation of intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs). Antibiotics showed delayed effectiveness in eliminating bacteria within IBCs, and in some cases, bacteria were not eradicated at all. During recovery periods, bacteria rapidly proliferated in IBCs, leading to new infection sites through bacterial shedding and host cell exfoliation. , [ ] .

Techniques: Comparison, Mutagenesis, Cell Culture, Expressing, Bacteria, Infection